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What is common between 'No Excessive Bail' and 'Protected against cruel and unusual punishment' safeguards?

  1. Both pertain to financial penalties.

  2. Both are related to sentencing guidelines.

  3. Both are protections during trial procedures.

  4. Both are rights outlined in the US Constitution.

The correct answer is: Both are rights outlined in the US Constitution.

The US Constitution outlines several basic rights and freedoms that are guaranteed to citizens. These rights include protections against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment. Both of these safeguards are found in the Eighth Amendment of the Constitution. While the other options may also pertain to aspects of the criminal justice system, they do not directly relate to the specific rights outlined in the question. Option A is incorrect because the safeguard against excessive bail pertains to bail amounts, not financial penalties. Option B is incorrect because the safeguard against cruel and unusual punishment pertains to the severity of punishments, not just guidelines. Option C is incorrect because the protections during trial procedures pertain to fair trial rights, such as the right to an attorney, not specifically the safeguards mentioned in the question. Therefore, option D is the most correct answer.